Tensile Strength Test

 Tensile Strength

Tensile strength of fabric is the force at which the fabric breaks under tensile stress. Having good tensile strength is a sign of good quality of fabric. When selecting fabric for the any type of garment buyer demands for various physical properties testing like tensile strength, abrasion resistance, pilling property and many others. Tensile strength test is mainly refer for woven fabric and not to knitted fabric. Tensile strength is depends on type of fabric, construction oh fabric, finishing, blend percentage, etc.

Their are two methods for tensile strength

A. Strip method

B. Grab method

A. Strip method

Samples preparation –

1. 5 samples in warp direction with each sample of 60 mm*300 mm.

2. 5 samples in weft direction with each sample of 60 mm* 300 mm.

3. Then frayed the edges 5 mm from both the side and make it from 60 mm to 50 mm width, as shown below.

Testing procedure –

1. Take one sample and clamp a test specimen centrally so that its longitudinal central line passes through the centre point of the front edges of the jaw and the force is applied perpendicularly to the fabric in the middle of the gauge length.

2. The gauge length (distance between two jaws) should be 20 cm with 100mm/min CRE (Constant Rate of Elongation)

3. Now start the machine.

4. Now the jaws will move according to the CRE (Constant Rate of Elongation) and fabric will start stretching.

5. Stop the machine as soon as the fabric breaks or rupture.

6. Note down the readings for each samples. 

7. Unit for tensile strength will be Newton (N).

8. Take average of all the readings which is nothing but tensile strength of the fabric.

Precautions –

1. Stop the machine immediately after the fabric breaks or rupture. (In automatic machine, the machine will stop itself automatically after fabric breakage).

2. Avoid the readings when fabric breaks at jaws (Jaw break).

B. Grab method

For grab method same procedure will be followed but only the samples size and gauge length will be changed.

Here sample size is 150 mm*100 mm.

And gauge length is 75 mm.